裸婚时代
Court orders Russian-US journalist to stay in jail another 6 weeks_我的网站
一 | 8月26日消息，前微软工程师Dave Plummer近日揭秘了Windows XP时代最著名的盗版密钥FCKGW-RHQQ2-YXRKT-8TG6W-2B7Q8的真实来源，这串字符并非黑客破解生成，而是一把泄露的企业批量授权密钥。 Windows XP是首款引入产品激活校验技术（WPA）的Windows系统，在此之前，用户安装系统只需输入产品密钥即可完成激活，没有额外校验。 WPA则在产品密钥基础上增加了硬件ID校验，安装时系统会生成一个基于主板、CPU、硬盘等硬件信息的硬件ID，将硬件ID与产品密钥一起发送到微软服务器验证。 A Russian court on Monday ordered a Russian-American journalist who was detained last week on charges of failing to register as a foreign agent to remain in custody until early December, her employer reported.Alsu Kurmasheva, an editor for the U.S. government-funded Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty's Tatar-Bashkir service, appeared in a closed session in a court in the city of Kazan, the capital of the Tatarstan republic.The radio service said the court ordered her to be held until Dec. 5, rejecting her lawyer's request for preventive measures other than incarceration.She is the second U.S. journalist detained in Russia this year, after Wall Street Journal reporter Evan Gershkovich was arrested on espionage charges in March. Gershkovich remains in custody.The state-run news website Tatar-Inform said Kurmasheva faces charges of failing to register as a “foreign agent” and was collecting information on Russian military activities. Conviction would carry a sentence of up to five years in prison.Kurmasheva, who lives in Prague, was stopped June 2 at Kazan International Airport after traveling to Russia for a family emergency May 20, according to RFE/RL.Airport officials confiscated her U.S. and Russian passports and she was fined for failing to register her U.S. passport. She was waiting for her passports to be returned when the new charge was filed Wednesday, RFE/RL said.RFE/RL was told by Russian authorities in 2017 to register as a foreign agent, but it has challenged Moscow’s use of foreign agent laws in the European Court of Human Rights. The organization has been fined millions of dollars by Russia.The Committee to Protect Journalists called the charges against Kurmasheva “spurious,” saying her detention “is yet more proof that Russia is determined to stifle independent reporting.”Kurmasheva reported on ethnic minority communities in the Tatarstan and Bashkortostan republics in Russia, including projects to preserve the Tatar language and culture, her employer said.Gershkovich and The Wall Street Journal deny the allegations against him, and the U.S. government has declared him to be wrongfully detained.Russian authorities haven’t detailed any evidence to support the charges. Court proceedings against him are closed because prosecutors say details of the case are classified.。
二 | 如果密钥在另一台硬件配置不同的电脑上使用，就会被标记为盗版，这套机制有效阻止了单个零售密钥在多台电脑上重复使用。
三 | 但微软同时为企业客户提供了另一套激活通道：批量授权密钥（VLK），毕竟拥有数千台电脑的企业不可能逐台输入密钥走激活流程，VLK允许企业跳过WPA的硬件校验环节直接批量激活。
四 | 微软信任购买了批量授权协议的企业不会将这些密钥外泄，因此VLK在设计上没有绑定硬件校验，而正是这一信任成为了整个事件的突破口。 Plummer表示，微软当时对企业客户的信任是激活设计中的关键假设，而这一假设被证明过于乐观。
五 | FCKGW这把密钥就是一把合法的企业VLK，某家企业的批量授权密钥流出后，有人将其与企业版安装镜像搭配使用，这串密钥随后在互联网上迅速传播，出现在无数刻录CD和预激活版Windows XP安装包中。 对于整整一代PC用户来说，FCKGW就是Windows XP密钥的代名词，甚至很多人不知道这串字符代表什么，只知道装系统时输入它就能用。 Windows XP于2001年8月24日交付OEM制造，距今已25年，微软当时对待盗版的态度与今天也是截然不同。 2000年代初Windows是微软的现金牛，Office等产品的销售也依赖Windows的装机量，打击盗版直接关系到营收。 如今微软对Windows 11的盗版态度已大幅放宽，更关心的是用户是否留在Windows生态中，而非是否付费购买系统本身，激活工具在自家GitHub上就能搜到。
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Published on:04:36:29
